Snapping hip syndrome is a condition where an individual hears/feels a snapping of a tendon about the hip joint. In most instances this condition is not painful or a concern. However, for some pain and dysfunction can occur.
There are actually 3 different types of snapping hip to consider
1) The iliotibial band- In this case as the hip moves from extension to flexion and back, it is possible to hear/feel the snap of the iliotibial band sliding over the greater trochanter (the outer projection of the femur). Individuals will typically feel this snap on the outside aspect of the hip.
2) The iliopsoas or rectus femoris – The iliopsoas is the largest of the muscles responsible for flexing one’s hip. In certain circumstances, this large muscle tendon will “snap” over a small protuberance of the front of the thigh bone. The rectus femoris is one of the quad muscles and also assists with hip flexion. At times this muscle can also result in a snapping sensation, again with hip flexion/extension. With both these muscles, if a snap occurs, the individual will likely experience a deep sensation in the front of hip or groin.
3) Joint- Yes, it is possible for a joint to “snap” or make noise. If this type of snapping hip syndrome is occurring, the individual is likely to experience a catching sensation in their motion and they may notice a limitation of their motion – which is different than what one may experience with the other types.
Is anything seriously wrong if someone has snapping hip syndrome?
In the case of #1 and 2, the level of concern is fairly low. Often some activity modification (temporary avoidance of the aggravating activity) along with some strengthening or stretching will be enough move past the issue. Sometimes however the snapping will persist regardless. But remember, if it does not result in any pain then no need to worry.
With #3 (Joint) however, the level of concern is a bit higher. If the joint itself is making noise and there is limitation in motion plus pain, the potential for cartilage or labral issues is present. If those issues happen, then there is a need for closer examination and treatment. Careful assessment by a PT and possible orthopedic will be necessary to help develop the best possible treatment plan.
The 1st step regardless (for someone concerned about the potential for snapping hip syndrome) should be to visit a muscle and joint specialist like a PT to assess the situation. If the presentation is suspicious for a joint snapping hip, then referral onto an orthopedic specialist will be justified.
The good news is that most of the cases of snapping hip syndrome are types 1 and 2 which respond very well to conservative interventions.
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